From Célestin Freinet’s class-walk to the cooperative pedagogical training of Calandreta teachers

Patrici Baccou presents the direct link connecting the creation of cooperative pedagogy and natural learning methods by Célestin Freinet, with the pedagogy of Calandreta and Aprene, the higher education center for Occitan teacher training. The school’s openness to its environment, especially the natural one, more broadly reflects a conception of pedagogy as an ecology of the school and its integration into the real life of the group—of children (or adults), and their familial, social, and natural worlds.